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Mohua Sengupta is a seasoned leader with 25+ years in banking, finance, insurance, and IT. She drives innovation and delivery centers across India, Pakistan, and Egypt and champions a progressive ‘work from anywhere’ culture. A NASSCOM GCC Council member, she shapes GCC strategy through thought leadership and serves on NMIMS’s Digital Transformation MBA Board of Studies. Her expertise spans digital transformation, emerging tech, M&A, and blockchain. Mohua has held leadership roles at 3i Infotech, ITC Infotech, IGATE, Mphasis, Accenture, Wipro, and Royal Bank of Canada. She holds an MBA from SUNY Buffalo and a gold medal in Economics from Jadavpur University and is a recognized speaker and thought leader.
In an email interaction with Sejal Singh B G, Correspondent at siliconindia. Mohua Sengupta shared her insights on How India's GCCs Are Becoming the Innovation Engine of Global Financial Services.
There is a quiet but consequential transformation happening in the Global Capability Centres of India's financial services sector. For many years, GCCs were highly appreciated based on their ability to process information, automate tasks, and increase operational efficiency in a global environment. This perception is being quickly rewritten.
Today, GCCs are no longer back offices. They are where some of the most consequential decisions in global financial services are being made and innovative solutions are being designed, built and tested. They are where AI models are trained, where risk platforms are created and where fraud detection is reimagined. They are, increasingly, where the future is being made. The question for organizations is no longer whether GCCs can be valuable, but rather, how can we best unlock the potential of what they can become.
From Execution to Strategy: A Fundamental Shift
The evolution of India's GCC ecosystem is not incidental. It reflects a deeper realignment of how global financial institutions think about where strategic work happens. According to a report by NASSCOM and Zinnov, India is now home to more than 1,700 GCCs, with financial services among the largest and fastest-growing contributors. Importantly, the study underscores that these institutions cannot be characterized by their scale of operations alone; rather, they can be differentiated by their level of innovation.
This point is significant considering the fact that the sector of financial services itself is undergoing a period of transition. Decision-making based on artificial intelligence, real-time risk assessment, digital customer experience, and stringent regulatory frameworks are already realities. They are current realities. Organizations that regard their GCCs not as means of delivery but as strategic partners would find themselves better prepared for such events.
The Global Financial Services Outlook by Deloitte makes similar observations about which organizations will thrive in the coming decade. Organizations with agile and tech-enabled operations backed by talented, multi-disciplinary teams will succeed. The GCCs of India have been structured in such a way to support this very objective.
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The back office was never where the future was made. And that, increasingly, is no longer where these centres exist. India's GCCs are becoming something far more consequential
Talent at the Intersection of Domain and Technology
If one theme defines the current moment for GCCs in financial services, it is the convergence of deep domain expertise and advanced digital capability. The talent imperative is no longer about hiring at scale, but about hiring at the intersection.
Skills that were once considered rare specializations are now becoming baseline expectations: actuarial science combined with machine learning, risk modelling supported by real-time data platforms and intelligent fraud detection powered by AI. They are more than just technical skills. They are skills that demand a professional to be knowledgeable about regulatory issues, business realities, and customer experiences and apply such knowledge in technology choices.
India has always been known for having an exceptionally well-developed talent pool. However, what may not be widely acknowledged is the rate at which that talent pool evolves and responds to such needs. With specialists ranging from AI engineers, cloud architects, cybersecurity experts, to data scientists with domain expertise in finance, the level of expertise and talent remains high and is constantly increasing. Nevertheless, while talent remains a crucial factor, what matters even more is the way talent is managed, engaged, and integrated into the wider organization.
Culture Is the Real Differentiator
There is a tendency in conversations about GCCs to focus almost entirely on capabilities: what technologies are being deployed, which functions are being supported and how many people are being hired. These are important. But they are not what separates the GCCs that genuinely transform an organization from those that merely support it. Culture is the differentiator. While culture itself is especially one that fosters innovation, is much harder to duplicate than an entire stack of technology.
Modern, truly successful GCCs rely upon a model based on the principles of empathy and expertise, meaning that the highest respect should be paid for human beings, and cooperation must take place with true synergy between experts working in different countries or other different environments. These teams do not get managed top-down but rather grow up with a strong sense of ownership, trust, and shared purpose.
This is not a soft consideration. This is a strategically designed one. In cases where teams really get a sense of empowerment not to just implement but create and lead, the whole essence of the creation gets transformed. Problems get solved earlier. Ideas surface that would never emerge in a more transactional structure. The centre becomes, in the truest sense, an integrated partner.
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A New Chapter for the GCC Ecosystem
India's GCC ecosystem is entering a new and more significant phase. The first wave was about scale: building centres large enough to make a difference to global operations. The second was about sophistication: moving up the value chain into analytics, engineering and technology. The third wave, which is now beginning, is about strategic integration: GCCs that are not just capable, but genuinely central to how global financial institutions innovate and compete.
This transition requires something beyond investment in technology or talent. This calls for real organizational dedication toward establishing such centers as strategic resources, with the necessary visibility, structures, and culture that enable deep integration.
In essence, for banks grappling with digital disruption, regulatory challenges, and new customer demands all at once, the opportunity is evident. The GCCs in India present an exceptional combination of size, expertise, and collaboration capabilities. The organizations that recognize this and build accordingly will have a meaningful advantage in the years ahead. The back office was never where the future was made. And that, increasingly, is no longer where these centres exist. India's GCCs are becoming something far more consequential. The question is simply whether global institutions are ready to meet them there.